4 étapes pour gérer efficacement un projet

Gérer un projet est une responsabilité importante. Il y a de nombreux paramètres à maîtriser : comment distribuer les tâches, gérer la communication, s'assurer que les livrables sont remis dans les délais.

And if you don’t manage all of those moving parts effectively, it could lead to setbacks, missed deadlines, or—worst case scenario—not finishing the project at all.

Heureusement, une bonne stratégie suffit à gérer efficacement vos projets. À quoi ressemble concrètement cette stratégie ?

Let’s take a look at four key steps you’ll want to take in order to manage your project in the most effective, productive way possible:

Définissez le périmètre complet du projet

Before you can move forward with effectively managing a project, you need to know what, exactly, you’re managing.

Autrement dit, vous devez définir le périmètre du projet.

Avant d'entrer dans la phase de planification ou de gestion, prenez le temps de définir les éléments clés du projet, notamment :

• Les objectifs du projet. Qu'essayez-vous d'accomplir avec ce projet ?
• Les livrables du projet. Que devez-vous créer ou remettre pour mener le projet à bien ?
• Le calendrier. De combien de temps disposez-vous pour réaliser le projet ?
• Le budget. Quelles ressources financières pouvez-vous consacrer au projet ?
• Les besoins en ressources humaines. De quel type de compétences avez-vous besoin pour mener le projet à terme — et quelles ressources votre organisation peut-elle mobiliser ? (Par exemple, si le projet est centré sur le design, vous aurez besoin d'une équipe de designers.)
• Les outils. Quels outils sont disponibles pour vous aider à planifier, gérer et finaliser votre projet ? Existe-t-il des lacunes — et si oui, quels outils faut-il pour les combler et mener le projet à bien ?

Defining the scope of your project will give you a big-picture view of all the different elements you’ll need to successfully complete it. You’ll be able to look at the project as a whole—and once you do that, the next step of the process?

Découpez-le en parties plus petites et plus faciles à gérer…

Avoir une vision globale du projet est essentiel. Mais si vous voulez mener votre projet à bien, vous avez besoin d'un plan d'action concret pour passer de l'idée initiale à la livraison finale.

Comment y parvenir ? En décomposant votre objectif global en sous-objectifs plus petits et plus faciles à gérer. 

Cette approche vous aidera à atteindre votre objectif global de plusieurs façons :

• Makes the project feel less overwhelming. Thinking about a project in its entirety—particularly if it’s a large, involved project—can feel overwhelming. Breaking down a major project into smaller parts can make the process feel more manageable and less overwhelming.
• Crée un plan d'action concret. Pour mener un projet à terme, vous avez besoin d'un plan d'action. Décomposer le projet en parties plus petites — puis ces parties en tâches actionnables — est essentiel pour transformer un objectif global en un plan opérationnel qui produit des résultats.
• Creates milestones to monitor progress. Breaking down a project into smaller parts also allows you to better monitor the project’s progress. Rather than waiting until the end of the project to assess progress and efficiency, breaking the project down into smaller parts gives you multiple opportunities to check in as the project progresses, make sure you’re on track to hit your project goals, and adjust your strategy as necessary.

If you’re gearing up for managing a project, take the overall project and break it down into smaller, more manageable objectives.

…puis décomposez ces parties en tâches actionnables

Ensuite, décomposez encore davantage ces sous-objectifs en tâches concrètes à assigner à votre équipe.

For example, let’s say your project objective is to create a new pitch deck for your company.

You might break down that overarching goal into smaller objectives, like “research sales data,” “create graphics,” or “gather customer stories.” Then, from there, you would break down each objective into a task list to assign to your team (for example, you might break down “gather customer stories” into tasks like “schedule case study interview with customer A,” “write testimonial for customer B,” or “proofread customer story for customer C”). 

Attribuez les tâches de façon appropriée

Once you’ve broken down your project into a list of clear, actionable tasks, the next step to effectively managing a project is assigning those tasks.

When you assign tasks, it’s important to consider a few things, including:

• How much time you’re giving employees/teams to complete the task. Part of effectively managing a project is sticking to the project’s timeline. And in order to do that, you need to set realistic deadlines. There’s no one-size-fits-all approach to deadlines, but try to set deadlines that keep your team engaged, but are also achievable. (If you set unrealistic deadlines, it could demotivate your team, making it harder to get things done.) Also, whenever possible, give yourself a bit of breathing room with deadlines. that way, if something goes wrong, you have time to fix it without holding up the entire project.
• How each task plays into the project as a whole. When you’re assigning tasks, it’s also important to think about how each task fits into the project as a whole—and assign tasks and deadlines accordingly. For example, let’s say you’re managing the design of a new marketing brochure. You can’t assign proofreading tasks until all of the copywriting tasks have been completed—so you’d want to schedule all the copywriting deadlines before you assign tasks to the proofreading teams.
• How you assign the tasks. How you assign project-related tasks can play a key role in how effectively you’re able to manage a project. And the best way to assign tasks? Using a project management tool. This allows you to not only assign tasks to employees, but share key information and files for that task, check in on progress, and organize project-related conversations. It also allows you to view each task within the context of the larger project—which can keep you on track for meeting your deadline.

Talkspirit is an all-in-one collaborative platform that offers a host of features that make it easier to manage and collaborate with your team—including project management. Talkspirit’s project management platform allows you to organize your projects, assign and prioritize tasks, and monitor project progress. In addition, the tool allows you to chat with your team,  plan and hold physical and remote meetings, store your documents in a secure drive and co-edit documents in real time. With Talkspirit, you have everything you need for effectively managing a project from beginning to end!

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Your project is up and running. Tasks are assigned, employees are working, and you’re moving towards your project goals and objectives.

But managing a project doesn’t stop there! If you want to effectively see your project through to the finish line, you need to continually be monitoring your progress—and pivoting as necessary.

When you’re managing a project, it’s important to schedule regular meetings with key stakeholders to discuss where you are, how you’re progressing, and if anything needs to change in order to reach your goals. This may include rethinking deadlines or reassigning tasks to different teams or departments.

À lire aussi : 10 astuces pour améliorer l'efficacité de vos réunions à distance

For example, let’s say you originally set a deadline for the project to be completed in 30 days—but after meeting with the team at the 15-day mark, you realize you’re nowhere near halfway done with the project. In that scenario, you would want to get to the bottom of why you’re not progressing as planned—and then adjust your strategy to better hit your goals and keep the project moving forward. 

Dans certains cas, vous pourriez même envisager de changer la direction du projet.

For example, let’s say the project you’re managing is a new product launch. But early in the project, your market research team completes their initial research and finds that the product concept is falling flat with your target audience. In that situation, you wouldn’t just keep moving the project forward as planned. Instead, you’d want to go back and brainstorm new product ideas.

The point is, if you want to effectively manage your project, you need to continually monitor how your project is progressing and moving forward. And if it’s not progressing or moving forward, you need to figure out why—and adjust your strategy accordingly.

Appliquez ces conseils pour gérer efficacement votre prochain projet

If you want to take your projects from the beginning stages to a successful completion, you need to know how to manage the process. And with these tips, you’re armed with the information you need to manage your next project in the most effective way—and reap the benefits that go along with that kind of effective management.

Looking for more tools to better manage your projects? Be sure to check out our round-up of 2022’s best project management software!

Découvrir les meilleurs logiciels de gestion de projet

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Auteure : Deanna deBara